罗大蒙、吴理财:声望资本:村庄能人“何以要当村干部”的一个解释视角
2023-01-12 13:11    浏览:1505  评论:0
摘要:

对皖北Y村的调查显示,获得声望资本是村庄能人“当村干部”的内生动力。声望是稀缺的象征符号资源,对声望的追求源于人们渴望得到社会承认的心理需要。作为一种重要的社会资本样态,声望在社会关系中获得,并扩展行动者在关系网络中的影响力。运用“文化网络-公共身份-声望资本”分析框架,阐释村集体经济“空白村”和人口严重流失的“空心村”,村庄能人“何以要当村干部”这一问题。结果表明,文化网络为声望资本的生产、累积和展示提供了载体平台,村庄能人深受乡村文化网络的影响,具有维持村落社会声望的内在需要。公共身份是声望资本生成的重要机制,担任村干部,便获得了由国家和村民双重承认的“公共身份证”,可为村庄能人扩展声望资本提供“位置资源”,有利于在乡村社会关系网络中扩大影响力,提升社会地位。声望追求能够强化村干部的公共属性,为乡村发展与治理提供持续动力。

Abstract:

A survey of village in northern Anhui shows that obtaining prestige capital is the endogenous driving force for competent villagers to “be village cadres”. Prestige is a scarce symbolic symbol resource and the pursuit of it stems from the psychological needs of people to be recognized by the society. As an important social capital, prestige is obtained through social relations, and expands the influence of actors in the relationship network. Using the “cultural network-public identity-prestige capital” analysis framework to explain why competent villagers would like to be village cadres in the “blank village” in terms of collective economy and “empty village” where a large part of population is seriously lost. The results show that the cultural network provides a platform for the production, accumulation and display of prestigious capital. The competent villagers are deeply influenced by the rural cultural network and have inherent needs to maintain the villages’ social reputation. Public identity is an important mechanism for the generation of prestigious capital. The position of village cadre provides the competent villagers with a “public ID card” acknowledged by both the state and villagers which can provide “status resources” for village competent people to expand their prestige capital and help them expand their influence and social status in the village social network. The pursuit of prestige can strengthen the public attributes of village cadres and provide sustainable momentum for rural development and governance.


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